Pinyin: Verskil tussen weergawes

Content deleted Content added
k Sjina na China
Sjinees→Chinees
Lyn 1:
'''Hanyu pinyin''' ([[vereenvoudigde Sjinees|vereenvoudigdeVereenvoudigde Chinees]]: 汉语拼音, [[tradisionele Sjinees|tradisioneleTradisionele Chinees]]: 漢語拼音, pinyin: Hànyǔ pīnyīn, uitspraak: [pʰín ín]) is die amptelike stelsel waarmee [[Sjinese karakters|Chinese karakters]] in die [[Volksrepubliek van Sjina|Volksrepubliek van China]], [[Taiwan]] (Republiek van China),<ref name=snowling>{{cite book|first= Margaret J. |last= Snowling |first2= Charles |last2 = Hulme | publisher = Wiley-Blackwell |year= 2005 |isbn= 1-4051-1488-6 |title = The science of reading: a handbook | volume = 17 | series = Blackwell handbooks of developmental psychology) |url= http://books.google.com/?id=qV7s-Oyx13oC |pages = 320–22}}</ref> [[Singapoer]] en [[Maleisië]] na die [[Latynse alfabet]] getranskribeer word. Dit word algemeen gebruik om [[Standaardsjinees|StandaardChinees]]Standaard-Chinees te leer en om Chinese name in buitelandse publikasies te spel. Dit word ook as 'n invoermetode gebruik om Chinese karakters (汉字 / 漢字, ''hànzì'') op rekenaars te skryf.
 
Die pinyinstelsel is in die 1950's ontwikkel en is op vroeë vorme van romanisering gebaseer. Dit is in 1958 deur die Chinese regering gepubliseer en is sedertdien etlike male hersien.<ref>{{cite news |publisher=Xinhua News Agency |date=2008-02-11 |title = Pinyin celebrates 50th birthday |url=http://www.china.org.cn/english/news/242463.htm |accessdate = 2008-09-20}}</ref> Die [[Internasionale Standaardeorganisasie]] het pinyin in 1982 as die standaard aanvaar.<ref name="ISO1982">{{cite web|url=http://www.iso.org/iso/iso_catalogue/catalogue_ics/catalogue_detail_ics.htm?csnumber=13682|title=ISO 7098:1982 – Documentation – Romanization of Chinese |accessdate=2009-03-01}}</ref> Die stelsel is in 2009 in Taiwan in gebruik geneem, waar dit algemeen as die Nuwe Fonetiese Stelsel bekend staan en slegs vir romanisering en nie vir opvoedkundige of rekenaarinvoerdoeleindes gebruik word nie.<ref name="pinyin_tt">{{cite news | publisher=Taipei Times |date=2008-09-18 |title=Hanyu Pinyin to be standard system in 2009 |url=http://www.taipeitimes.com/News/taiwan/archives/2008/09/18/2003423528 |accessdate=2008-09-20}}</ref><ref name="pinyin_cp">{{cite news |publisher=The China Post |date=2008-09-18 |title=Government to improve English-friendly environment |url=http://www.chinapost.com.tw/taiwan/national/national%20news/2008/09/18/175155/Gov%27t-to.htm |accessdate=2008-09-20}}</ref>
 
''Hànyǔ'' beteken die gesproke taal van die [[Han]]-mense, en ''pinyin'' beteken "gespelde klank" ([[fonetiek]]).<ref name="Harbaugh">{{cite web|url=http://zhongwen.com/d/186/x126.htm|title=中文字普 (Chinese Characters: A Genealogy and Dictionary) |last= Harbaugh |first= Richard |year= 1998 |publisher= Zhongwen.com |accessdate= 2008-04-27 }}</ref>
 
Die teenoorgestelde proses, d.i. transkripsie van Latynse letters na Chinees, geniet slegs semi-amptelike status en is hewig inkonsekwent weens die groot aantal [[homofoon|homofone]] in [[Mandaryn-SjineesMandaryns|Mandaryn-Chinees]].
 
== Verwysings ==
Lyn 11:
 
== Verdere leesstof ==
* Yin Binyong 尹斌庸 en Mary Felley (1990). ''SjineseChinese romanisering''. Uitspraak en ortografie (Hanyu pinyin he zhengcifa 汉语拼音和正词法). Beijing: Sinolingua. ISBN 7-80052-148-6 / ISBN 0-8351-1930-0.
* Gao, J. K. (2005). ''Pinyin shorthand: a bilingual handbook = [Pinyin su ji fa]''. Dallas, TX: Jack Sun. ISBN 1-59971-251-2
* Kimball, R. L. (1988). ''Quick reference Chinese: a practical guide to Mandarin for beginners and travelers in English, Pinyin romanization, and Chinese characters''. San Francisco, CA: China Books & Periodicals. ISBN 0-8351-2036-8
Lyn 18:
 
== Eksterne skakels ==
* [http://www.purpleculture.net/chinese-pinyin-converter/ Aanlyn SjineesChinees na Pinyin-oorskakeling] met toonsyfers of toontekens en gerekenariseerde uitspraak
* [http://www.zdic.net/appendix/f43.htm Klank van pinyin vanaf zdic.net; benodig JavaScript]
* [http://en.wikibooks.org/wiki/Pinyin/Vocabulary Pinyin-Hanzi-Engels, SjineesChinees-Engelse woordeboek]
* [http://en.wikibooks.org/wiki/Pinyin/Pinyin-English_News_Summary Pinyin-Engelse nuusopsomming vir leerders van SjineesChinees]
* [http://chineseandbeyond.com/pinyin Gratis pinyintutoriaal] (SjineesChinees en ander)
* [http://www.chinesestudies.hawaii.edu/media/pdf/abc/appendix1.pdf Basiese reëls vir Hanyu pinyinortografie] (Nasionale Standaard van die Volksrepubliek van China (ICS 01.140.10), 1996)
* [http://www.quickmandarin.com/chinesepinyintable/ Interaktiewe pinyintabel]
* [http://www.archchinese.com/arch_pinyin_table.html Standaard Mandarynse pinyinkaart]
Lyn 29:
* [http://pinyin.info/readings/zyg/rules.html Basiese reëls vir Hanyu pinyinortografie] deur [[Zhou Youguang]] (Pinyin.info)
* [http://pinyin.info/rules/initials_finals.html Tabel van kombinasies van inisiales en finales] (Pinyin.info)
* [http://mandarinspot.com/annotate SjineseChinese teksannotasie]
* [http://www.standardmandarin.com/ Gratis SjineseChinese aanlyn uitspraakhulpmiddel]
* [http://www.sayjack.com/advanced/pinyin/quiz/ Pinyinluistertoets vir vier tone]
* [http://pinyin.quickmandarin.com/learn_chinese_quiz/blue/ Pinyintoonherkenningstoets]