Auguste Rodin: Verskil tussen weergawes

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[[File:Philly042107-009-RodinMuseum.jpg|thumb|[[Rodin Museum]], Philadelphia, Pennsilvanië, VSA]]
 
Rodin willedhet toin thesy Frenchtestament state hissy studio andaan thedie rightFranse tostaat makebemaak castsen fromtoestemming hisaan plastersdie Franse staat verleen om sy pleisterwerke te giet. BecauseOmdat heRodin encourageddie thevoortbring editionvan ofsy hiswerke sculptedaangemoedig workhet, kom Rodin's sculpturesse are representedwerke in manybaie publicopenbare anden private collectionsversamelings voor. TheDie [[Musée Rodin]] was founded in 1916 andgestig openeden het in 1919 atsy thedeure geopen by die [[Hôtel Biron]], wherewaar Rodin hadgewoon lived,het. andDit ithou holdsdie thegrootste largestversameling van Rodin collectionse werke, withmet moremeer thanas 6,0006000 sculpturesbeeldhouwerke anden 7,0007000 workswerke onop paperpapier. TheDie FrenchFranse orderorde ''[[Légion d'honneur]]'' madehet himvan aRodin 'n Kommandeur Commandergemaak,<ref>[http://www.culture.gouv.fr/public/mistral/leonore_fr?ACTION=CHERCHER&FIELD_1=COTE&VALUE_1=LH/2779/35 Rodin, Légion d'honneur, Ministère de la Culture et de la Communication, Léonore, Culture.gouv.fr]</ref> anden hehy receivedhet an'n [[Honoraryhonorêre degree|honorarygraad doctorate]]van from thedie [[UniversityUniversiteit ofvan Oxford]] ontvang.
 
DuringGedurende hissy lifetime, Rodinleeftyd was comparedRodin tomet [[Michelangelo]] vergelyk,<ref name="alhadeff">{{cite journal|first=Albert|last= Alhadeff|title=Rodin: A Self-Portrait in the Gates of Hell|journal=The Art Bulletin|volume=48|issue=3/4|year=1966|pages=393–395|doi=10.2307/3048395|jstor=3048395}}</ref> anden hy was widelywyd recognizederken as thedie greatestgrootste artistkunstenaar ofvan thedie era.<ref name="hunisak">{{cite journal|title=Rodin Rediscovered|first=John M.|last=Hunisak|journal=Art Journal|volume=41|year=1981|pages=370–371|doi=10.2307/776450|issue=4|jstor=776450}}</ref> In thedie threedrie decadesdekades followingwat hisgevolg death,het hisop popularityRodin wanedse withdood changinghet aestheticsy valuesgewildheid getaan saam met die veranderende estetiese waardes.<ref> name="hunisak"</ref> SinceSedert thedie 1950s, Rodin1950's reputationhet hasRodin re-ascendedse reputasie weer 'n oplewing beleef;<ref name="werner">{{cite journal|author=Werner, Alfred|title=The Return of Auguste Rodin|journal=Criticism|volume=2|issue=1|year=1960|pages=48–54}}</ref> hehy isword recognizedbeskou as thedie mostbelangrikste importantbeeldhouer sculptorvan ofdie the modernmoderne era, anden haswas beenal thedie subjectonderwerp ofvan muchbaie scholarlyakademiese workwerk.<ref> name="hunisak"</ref><ref> name="gardner">{{cite journal|title=The Hand of Rodin|first=Albert Ten Eyck|last=Gardner|journal=The Metropolitan Museum of Art Bulletin, New Series|volume=15|issue=9|year=1957|pages=200–204|doi=10.2307/3257752|jstor=3257752}}</ref> TheDie senseaura ofvan incompletiononvoltooidheid offeredwat bydeur somebaie ofvan hissy sculpturewerke gewek word, suchsoos asdie ''The WalkingLopende Man'', influencedhet theop increasinglyal abstracthoe sculpturalgroter formswordende ofmate die theabstrakte beeldhouvorme van die 20ste 20theeu centurybeïnvloed.<ref>Taillandier, 23.</ref>
 
Rodin restoredhet an'n ancientantieke rolerol ofvan sculpture&nbspdie beeldhouwerk herstel;– tonaamlik captureom thedie physicalfisiese anden intellectualintellektuele forcekrag ofen theenergie humanvan subjectdie menslike onderwerp vas te vang<ref> name="gardner"</ref>&nbsp;– anden hehy freedhet sculpturebeeldhouwerk frombevry thevan repetitionherhalende oftradisionele traditionalpatrone. patterns,Sodoende providinghet theRodin foundationdie forfondasie greatervir experimentationgroter eksperimentering in thedie 20th20ste eeu verskaf century. HisSy popularitygewildheid isword ascribedtoegeskryf toaan hissy emotion-ladenemosiebelaaide representationsverteenwoordiging ofvan ordinarygewone menmans anden women&nbsp;–vroue, toen hisaan abilitysy tovermoë findom thedie beautyprag anden pathospatos te vind in thedie humanmenslike animal"dier". HisSy mostgewildste popular workswerke, such assoos ''TheDie KissKus'' anden ''TheDie ThinkerDenker'', areword widelywyd usedgebruik outsidebuite thedie finefyn artskunste as symbolssimbole ofvan humanmenslike emotionemosie anden characterkarakter.<ref> name="grove">{{cite web|title=Rodin, (François-)Auguste(-René)|publisher=Grove Art Online, Oxford University Press|url=http://www.groveart.com/shared/views/article.html?section=art.072591|author=Lampert, Catherine|accessdate=19 DecemberDesember 2006}}</ref> To honorOm Rodin's artisticse legacy,artistiese nalatenis te eerbiedig het thedie [[Google]] search[[soekenjin]] enginese homepage[[tuisblad]] displayed a'n [[Google Doodle]] featuringvertoon wat ''TheDie ThinkerDenker'' tobevat celebratehet histen 172ndeinde birthdayRodin se 172ste verjaardag onop 12 November 2012 te vier.
 
Rodin hadhet enormous'n artisticreuse influence.artistiese Ainvloed wholeuitgeoefen. generation'n ofHele sculptorsgenerasie studiedbeeldhouers het in hissy werkswinkel workshopgestudeer. TheseDit includehet [[Gutzon Borglum]], [[Antoine Bourdelle]], [[Constantin Brancusi]], [[Camille Claudel]], [[Charles Despiau]], [[Malvina Hoffman]], [[Carl Milles]], [[François Pompon]], [[Rodo]], [[Gustav Vigeland]], anden [[Clara Westhoff]] ingesluit, even thoughalhoewel Brancusi later rejectedRodin se erfenis hisverwerp legacyhet. Rodin alsohet promotedook thedie workwerke ofvan ander otherbeeldhouers sculptorsondersteun, includinginsluitende [[Aristide Maillol]]<ref>{{cite web|author=Hans de Roos|url=http://www.rodin-web.org/approach_art/cap18.htm|date=2004|title=Rodin's Approach to Art}}</ref> anden [[Ivan Meštrović]] whom-wie Rodin onceeen calledkeer "thedie greatestgrootste phenomenonfenomeen amongsttussen sculptorsbeeldhouers." genoem het<ref>{{cite web|website=Syracuse University Archives|title=Ivan Meštrović Papers|url=http://archives.syr.edu/collections/fac_staff/sua_mestrovic_i.htm|date=2011|author1=Ameena Mohammad|author2=Meg Mason|lastauthoramp=yes|deadurl=yes|archiveurl=https://web.archive.org/web/20150906134906/http://archives.syr.edu/collections/fac_staff/sua_mestrovic_i.htm|archivedate=6 September 2015|df=dmy-all}}</ref> OtherAnder sculptorsbeeldhouers whosewie workse haswerk beenbeskryf describedis as owingverskuldig toaan Rodin includesluit [[Joseph Csaky]],<ref> name="Edith Balas, 1998">[https://archive.org/details/bub_gb_0T8LAAAAIAAJ Edith Balas, 1998, ''Joseph Csaky: A Pioneer of Modern Sculpture''], Philadelphia: American Philosophical Society</ref><ref> name="Guggenheim">[http://www.guggenheim.org/new-york/collections/collection-online/artists/bios/1069 Solomon R. Guggenheim Museum, New York, ''Joseph Csáky'', Collection Online] {{webarchive|url=https://web.archive.org/web/20150920164313/http://www.guggenheim.org/new-york/collections/collection-online/artists/bios/1069 |date=20 September 2015 }}</ref> [[Alexander Archipenko]], [[Joseph Bernard]], [[Henri Gaudier-Brzeska]], [[Georg Kolbe]],<ref>{{cite web|website=Museum of Modern Art|url=https://www.moma.org/collection_ge/artist.php?artist_id=3199|title=German Expressionism: Georg Kolbe|author=Heather Hess|date=2011}}</ref> [[Wilhelm Lehmbruck]], [[Jacques Lipchitz]], [[Pablo Picasso]], [[Adolfo Wildt]],<ref>{{cite web|website=Peggy Guggenheim Collection|title=Adolfo Wildt|url=http://www.guggenheim-venice.it/inglese/collections/artisti/biografia.php?id_art=211}}</ref> anden [[Ossip Zadkine]] in.<ref>{{cite web|website=Musée d'Orsay|url=http://www.musee-orsay.fr/en/events/exhibitions/in-the-musee-dorsay/exhibitions-in-the-musee-dorsay-more/article/oublier-rodin-20468.html?tx_ttnews%5BbackPid%5D=649&cHash=24aea49762|title=Leaving Rodin behind? Sculpture in Paris, 1905-1914|date=2006}}</ref><ref>{{cite web|website=Musée Rodin|title=Rodin and Modernism|url=http://www.musee-rodin.fr/en/rodin/educational-files/rodin-and-modernism|deadurl=yes|archiveurl=https://web.archive.org/web/20150621061226/http://www.musee-rodin.fr/en/rodin/educational-files/rodin-and-modernism|archivedate=21 June 2015|df=dmy-all}}</ref> [[Henry Moore]] acknowledgedhet Rodin's seminalse invloed influenceop onsy hiswerk workerken.<ref>{{cite web|website=The Guardian|url=https://www.theguardian.com/artanddesign/2013/mar/23/henry-moore-auguste-rodin-exhibition|date=23 March 2013|title=Henry Moore talks about Rodin's irresistible influence – from the archive}}</ref>
 
SeveralVerskeie filmsrolprente haveis beenal madegemaak featuringwat Rodin as a'n prominente prominentkarakter characterof orteenwoordigheid presencebevat. TheseDit includesluit ''[[Camille Claudel (filmrolprent)|Camille Claudel]]'', a'n 1988 film inrolprent whichwaarin [[Gérard Depardieu]] portraysdie rol van Rodin speel, ''[[Camille Claudel 1915]]'' fromvan 2013, anden ''[[Rodin (filmrolprent)|Rodin]]'', a'n 2017 filmrolprent starringmet [[Vincent Lindon]] as Rodin, in.
 
In 2011 thehet worlddie premierewêreldpremiére ofvan [[Boris Eifman]]'s newse nuwe ballet ''Rodin'' took place in Saint[[Sint-Petersburg]], RussiaRusland plaasgevind. TheDie ballet is dedicatedopgedra toaan thedie lifelewe anden workwerk ofvan Auguste Rodin anden Camille Claudel.<ref>{{cite web|url=http://www.eifmanballet.ru/en/repertoire/rodin|title=Rodin|work=eifmanballet.ru|accessdate=14 March 2017}}</ref>
 
===Namaaksels===
The relative ease of making reproductions has also encouraged many forgeries: a survey of expert opinion placed Rodin in the top ten most-faked artists.<ref>{{cite journal|title=The 10 Most Faked Artists|journal=ARTnews|author=Esterow, Milton|date=June 2005|accessdate=5 February 2007|url=http://www.artnews.com/2005/06/01/the-10-most-faked-artists/}}</ref> Rodin fought against forgeries of his works as early as 1901, and since his death, many cases of organized, large-scale forgeries have been revealed. A massive forgery was discovered by French authorities in the early 1990s and led to the conviction of art dealer [[Guy Hain]].<ref>[http://www.lejournaldesarts.fr/jda/archives/docs_article/49618/proces-guy-hain-une-decision-qui-fera-jurisprudence.php Procès Guy Hain, une décision qui fera jurisprudence]. Le Journal des Arts. n° 126. 27 April 2001. Artclair.com. Retrieved on 2011-11-02.</ref>
 
To deal with the complexity of bronze reproduction, France has promulgated several laws since 1956 which limit reproduction to twelve casts&nbsp;– the maximum number that can be made from an artist's plasters and still be considered his work. As a result of this limit, ''[[The Burghers of Calais]]'', for example, is found in fourteen cities.<ref name="swedberg"/>
 
In the market for sculpture, plagued by fakes, the value of a piece increases significantly when its provenance can be established. A Rodin work with a verified history sold for US$4.8 million in 1999,<ref>{{cite journal|author=Winship, Frederick M.|title=Bogus bronzes flood market: an estimated 4,000 fake castings have put the market for 19th- and 20th-century bronze sculpture in jeopardy|journal=Insight on the News|date=16 September 2002|volume=26|issue=1}}</ref> and Rodin's bronze ''Eve, grand modele&nbsp;– version sans rocher'' sold for $18.9 million at a 2008 [[Christie's]] auction in New York.<ref>{{cite web|publisher=AFP |url=http://afp.google.com/article/ALeqM5jJ-nuOHmXSBq7_MFQrllsC6jrt4A |title=Monet fetches record price at New York auction |accessdate=8 May 2008 |archiveurl=https://web.archive.org/web/20080512060740/http://afp.google.com/article/ALeqM5jJ-nuOHmXSBq7_MFQrllsC6jrt4A |archivedate=12 May 2008 |deadurl=yes |df=dmy }}</ref> Art critics concerned about authenticity have argued that taking a cast does not equal reproducing a Rodin sculpture&nbsp;– especially given the importance of surface treatment in Rodin's work.<ref>{{cite journal|title=The real Rodin|journal=New Criterion|author=Gibson, Eric|year=2005|issue=4|volume=24|pages=37–40}}</ref>
 
A number of drawings, previously attributed to Rodin, are now known to have been forged by [[Ernest Durig]].<ref name="FoF">{{Cite episode |title=Rodin |series=Fake or Fortune? |serieslink=Fake or Fortune? |url=http://www.bbc.co.uk/programmes/b07n204m |accessdate=31 July 2016 |network=[[BBC Television]] |date=31 July 2016 |seriesno=5 |number=3 |transcript= |transcripturl= }}</ref>
 
==Sien ook==