Frederik I (Barbarossa): Verskil tussen weergawes

Content deleted Content added
No edit summary
No edit summary
Lyn 60:
'''Frederik I''' ({{lang-de|Friedrich I.}}, {{lang-it|Federico I}}; 1122 – 10 Junie 1190), ook bekend as '''Frederik Barbarossa''' ({{lang-it|Federico Barbarossa}}), was vanaf 2 Januarie 1155 tot sy dood op 10 Junie 1190 die [[Keiser van die Heilige Romeinse Ryk]]. Hy was op 4 Maart 1152 by [[Frankfurt am Main|Frankfurt]] verkies as die Koning van Duitsland en op 9 Maart 1152 in [[Agen]] bekroon. Hy was op 24 April 1155 in [[Pavia]] as die Koning van Italië bekroon en op 18 Junie 1155 as Keiser deur [[Pous Adrianus IV]] in [[Rome]]. Twee jaar later het die term ''sacrum'' ([[Latyn]]) ("heilig") vir die eerste keer in verband met sy ryk verskyn. <ref>Peter Moraw, ''Heiliges Reich'', in: ''Lexikon des Mittelalters'', Munich & Zurich: Artemis 1977–1999, vol. 4, bls. 2025–28.</ref> Hy was later, op 30 Junie 1178, formeel by [[Arles]] as Koning van Boergondië gekroon. Hy was ''Barbarossa'' ([[Italiaans]]) genoem deur die noordelike Italiaanse stede welke hy gepoog het om te beheer: Barbarossa beteken "rooibaard" in [[Italiaans]];<ref>{{harvp|Iba, Johnson|2015|p=29}}</ref> in [[Duits]] was hy bekend as ''Keiser Rotbart'', wat dieselfde betekenis dra.
 
BeforeVoor hissy imperialkeiserlike electionverkiesing, Frederick was byFrederik inheritancedie Hertog van [[Duke of SwabiaSwabe]] (1147–1152, synde as FrederickFrederik III). HeHy was thedie sonseun ofvan [[FrederickFrederik II, DukeHertog ofvan Swabia|Duke Frederick&nbsp;II]]Swabe ofvan thedie [[HouseHuis ofvan Hohenstaufen|Hohenstaufen]] dynastydinastie anden [[Judith ofvan Bavaria, DuchessHertogin ofvan Swabia|Judith]]Swabe, daughterdogter ofvan Henri [[Henry&nbsp;IX, DukeHertog ofvan Bavaria]], fromvan thedie rivalmededingende [[HouseHuis ofvan Welf]]. Frederick,Frederik therefore,het descendeddus fromafgestam thevan twodie leadingtwee leidende families in GermanyDuitsland, makingwat himhom an'n acceptableaanvaarbare choicekeuse forvir thedie Empire'sRyk [[prince-elector]]sse Prinslike Elektors gemaak het.
 
Geskiedkundiges beskou Frederik I as die Heilige Romeinse Ryk se grootste middeleeuse keisers. Hy het karakteristieke gehad wat hom byna bomenslik aan sy teenstanders laat voorkom het. Sy langlewendheid, ambisie, buitengewone vaardighede as dit by organisasie kom, sy skerpsinnigheid op die oorlogsveld en sy politiese skerpsinnigheid het hom as byna bomenslik laat voorkom. Sy bydrae tot die samelewing en kultuur van Sentraal-Europa sluit die hervestiging van die [[Corpus Juris Civilis]]'' (Latyn), oftewel die Romeinse opperheerskappy van die reg, in, wat as teenvoeter vir die pouslike mag gedien het wat die Duitse state sedert die beëindiging van die Inhuldigings-kontroversie gedomineer het.
Historians consider him among the Holy Roman Empire's greatest medieval emperors. He combined qualities that made him appear almost superhuman to his contemporaries: his longevity, his ambition, his extraordinary skills at organization, his battlefield acumen and his political perspicacity. His contributions to Central European society and culture include the reestablishment of the ''{{lang|la|[[Corpus Juris Civilis]]}}'', or the Roman rule of law, which counterbalanced the papal power that dominated the German states since the conclusion of the [[Investiture Controversy]].
 
Frederik I het in 1190 in Klein-Asie beswyk terwyl hy in beheer was van 'n Leër tydens die Derde Kruistog.
Frederick died in 1190 in [[Asia Minor]] while leading an army in the [[Third Crusade]].
 
== Notas ==