Swartkolk: Verskil tussen weergawes

Content deleted Content added
No edit summary
No edit summary
Lyn 1:
[[Beeld:Black hole - Messier 87.jpg|thumb|350px|Die [[supermassiewe swartkolk]] in die middel van die groot [[elliptiese sterrestelsel]] [[Messier 87]] in die sterrebeeld [[Maagd (sterrebeeld)|Maagd]]. Sy massa is na raming miljarde kere so groot soos die Son s'n.<ref>{{cite journal |author=Oldham, L. J. |author2=Auger, M. W. |title= Galaxy structure from multiple tracers - II. M87 from parsec to megaparsec scales |date=Maart 2016|journal=Monthly Notices of the Royal Astronomical Society |volume=457 |issue=1 |pages= 421–439|doi=10.1093/mnras/stv2982|arxiv=1601.01323 |bibcode=2016MNRAS.457..421O }}</ref> Dit is die heel eerste swartkolk wat regstreeks afgeneem is, deur die Event Horizon Telescope. Die foto is op 10 April 2019 uitgereik.<ref name="NYT-20190410">{{cite news |last=Overbye |first=Dennis |title=Black Hole Picture Revealed for the First Time – Astronomers at last have captured an image of the darkest entities in the cosmos – Comments |url=http://www.nytimes.com/2019/04/10/science/black-hole-picture.html?comments#permid=31473598 |date=10 April 2019 |work=The New York Times |accessdate=10 April 2019}}</ref> Die halfmaanvormige emissiering en sentrale skaduwee kan gesien word. Dit is ’n gravitasioneel vergrote beeld van die swartkolk se fotonring en die fotonvangsgebied van sy waarnemingshorison. Die halfmaanvorm is ’n gevolg van die swartkolk se rotasie en [[Spesiale relatiwiteit|relativistiese]] verheldering; die skaduwee se deursnee is sowat 2,6 keer dié van die waarnemingshorison.<ref name="APJL-20190410">{{cite journal |first1=The |last1=Event Horizon Telescope |title=First M87 Event Horizon Telescope Results. I. The Shadow of the Supermassive Black Hole |doi=10.3847/2041-8213/ab0ec7 |date=2019 |journal=The Astrophysical Journal |volume=87 |pages=L1 |number=1|bibcode=2019ApJ...875L...1E }}</ref>]]
 
’n '''Swartkolk''' is ’n konsentrasie van massa wat só groot is dat swaartekrag alles verhoed om te ontsnap, selfs ligstrale.<ref>{{cite book |last=Wald |first=Robert M. |title=General Relativity |publisher=University of Chicago Press |date=1984 |isbn=978-0-226-87033-5 |url=https://books.google.com/books?id=9S-hzg6-moYC |ref=harv}}</ref> Dit word ook ’n '''swartgat''' of '''gravitasiekolk''' genoem. DieVanuit die teorie van [[algemene relatiwiteit]] word bereken dat 'n swartkolk sal vorm waar ’n massa so dig saamgepers is dat dit die [[ruimtetyd]] genoegsaam verwring.<ref name="wald 1997">{{cite book |last=Wald |first=R. M. |title=Black Holes, Gravitational Radiation and the Universe |editor1=Iyer, B. R. |editor2=Bhawal, B. |chapter=Gravitational Collapse and Cosmic Censorship |arxiv=gr-qc/9710068 |date=1997 |pages=69–86 |publisher=Springer |doi=10.1007/978-94-017-0934-7 |isbn=978-9401709347}}</ref><ref name="NYT-20150608">{{cite news |last=Overbye |first=Dennis |title=Black Hole Hunters |url=https://www.nytimes.com/2015/06/09/science/black-hole-event-horizon-telescope.html |date=8 Junie 2015 |work=[[Nasa]] |accessdate=8 Junie 2015 |url-status=live |archiveurl=https://web.archive.org/web/20150609023631/http://www.nytimes.com/2015/06/09/science/black-hole-event-horizon-telescope.html |archivedate=9 Junie 2015}}</ref> Die grens van die streek waaruit niks kan ontsnap nie word die [[waarnemingshorison]] genoem. Hoewel die waarnemingshorison ’n enorme uitwerking het op die lot en omstandighede van ’n voorwerp wat dit verbysteek, lyk dit of geen uitwerking daar waargeneem word nie.<ref>{{cite web |url=https://www.socratease.in/chapters/intro-to-black-holes-1 |title=Introduction to Black Holes |access-date=26 September 2017}}</ref> In baie opsigte tree ’n swartkolk as ’n ideale [[swartstraler]] op omdat dit geen lig weerkaats nie.<ref>{{cite book |title=Gravity from the ground up |edition= |first1=Bernard F. |last1=Schutz |publisher=Cambridge University Press |date=2003 |isbn=978-0-521-45506-0 |page=110 |url=https://books.google.com/books?id=P_T0xxhDcsIC |url-status=live |archiveurl=https://web.archive.org/web/20161202222711/https://books.google.com/books?id=P_T0xxhDcsIC |archivedate=2 December 2016}}</ref><ref>{{cite journal |last=Davies |first=P. C. W. |authorlink1=Paul Davies |title=Thermodynamics of Black Holes |url=http://cosmos.asu.edu/publications/papers/ThermodynamicTheoryofBlackHoles%2034.pdf |journal=Reports on Progress in Physics |volume=41 |date=1978 |issue=8 |pages=1313–1355 |doi=10.1088/0034-4885/41/8/004 |bibcode=1978RPPh...41.1313D |ref=harv |url-status=dead |archiveurl=https://web.archive.org/web/20130510184530/http://cosmos.asu.edu/publications/papers/ThermodynamicTheoryofBlackHoles%2034.pdf |archivedate=10 Mei 2013 |df=}}</ref>
 
[[Beeld:BlackHole Lensing.gif|thumb|220px|links|’n Simulasie van ’n swartkolk wat as ’n [[gravitasielens]] optree en die beeld van die sterrestelsel op die agtergrond verwring.]]