Pinyin: Verskil tussen weergawes
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k Robot: standardiseer verwysingsjablone en voeg argiefskakels in. |
k Robot: standardiseer verwysingsjablone en voeg argiefskakels in. |
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'''Hanyu pinyin''' ([[Vereenvoudigde Chinees]]: 汉语拼音, [[Tradisionele Chinees]]: 漢語拼音, pinyin: Hànyǔ pīnyīn, uitspraak: [pʰín ín]) is die amptelike stelsel waarmee [[Chinese karakters]] in die [[Volksrepubliek China]], [[Taiwan]] (Republiek China),<ref name=snowling>{{cite book|first= Margaret J. |last= Snowling |first2= Charles |last2 = Hulme | publisher = Wiley-Blackwell |year= 2005 |isbn= 1-4051-1488-6 |title = The science of reading: a handbook | volume = 17 | series = Blackwell handbooks of developmental psychology) |url= http://books.google.com/?id=qV7s-Oyx13oC |pages = 320–22}}</ref> [[Singapoer]] en [[Maleisië]] na die [[Latynse alfabet]] getranskribeer word. Dit word algemeen gebruik om Standaard-Chinees te leer en om Chinese name in buitelandse publikasies te spel. Dit word ook as 'n invoermetode gebruik om Chinese karakters (汉字 / 漢字, ''hànzì'') op rekenaars te skryf.
Die pinyinstelsel is in die 1950's ontwikkel en is op vroeë vorme van romanisering gebaseer. Dit is in 1958 deur die Chinese regering gepubliseer en is sedertdien etlike male hersien.<ref>{{cite news |publisher=Xinhua News Agency |date=11 Februarie 2008 |title=Pinyin celebrates 50th birthday |url=http://www.china.org.cn/english/news/242463.htm |access-date=20 September 2008 |language=en |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20200424214242/http://www.china.org.cn/english/news/242463.htm |archive-date=24 April 2020 |url-status=live |df=dmy-all}}</ref> Die [[Internasionale Standaardeorganisasie]] het pinyin in 1982 as die standaard aanvaar.<ref name="ISO1982">{{cite web |url=http://www.iso.org/iso/iso_catalogue/catalogue_ics/catalogue_detail_ics.htm?csnumber=13682 |title=ISO 7098:1982 – Documentation – Romanization of Chinese |access-date=1 Maart 2009 |language=en |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20160303180751/http://www.iso.org/iso/iso_catalogue/catalogue_ics/catalogue_detail_ics.htm?csnumber=13682 |archive-date=3 Maart 2016 |url-status=live |df=dmy-all}}</ref> Die stelsel is in 2009 in Taiwan in gebruik geneem, waar dit algemeen as die Nuwe Fonetiese Stelsel bekend staan en slegs vir romanisering en nie vir opvoedkundige of rekenaarinvoerdoeleindes gebruik word nie.<ref name="pinyin_tt">{{cite news |publisher=Taipei Times |date=18 September 2008 |title=Hanyu Pinyin to be standard system in 2009 |url=http://www.taipeitimes.com/News/taiwan/archives/2008/09/18/2003423528 |access-date=20 September 2008 |language=en |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20200522022605/http://www.taipeitimes.com/News/taiwan/archives/2008/09/18/2003423528 |archive-date=22 Mei 2020 |url-status=live |df=dmy-all}}</ref><ref name="pinyin_cp">{{cite news |publisher=The China Post |date=2008-09-18 |title=Government to improve English-friendly environment |url=http://www.chinapost.com.tw/taiwan/national/national%20news/2008/09/18/175155/Gov%27t-to.htm |accessdate=2008-09-20}}</ref>
''Hànyǔ'' beteken die gesproke taal van die Han-mense, en ''pinyin'' beteken "gespelde klank" ([[fonetiek]]).<ref name="Harbaugh">{{cite web |url=http://zhongwen.com/d/186/x126.htm |title=中文字普 (Chinese Characters: A Genealogy and Dictionary) |last=Harbaugh |first=Richard |year=1998 |publisher=Zhongwen.com |access-date=27 April 2008 |language=ja |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20150426155003/http://zhongwen.com/d/186/x126.htm |archive-date=26 April 2015 |url-status=live |df=dmy-all}}</ref>
Die teenoorgestelde proses, d.i. transkripsie van Latynse letters na Chinees, geniet slegs semi-amptelike status en is hewig inkonsekwent weens die groot aantal [[homofoon|homofone]] in [[Mandaryns|Mandaryn-Chinees]].
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