Ripuaries: Verskil tussen weergawes

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[[Beeld:Ripuarisch.png|thumb|350px|HetDie RipuarischRipuariese dialectgebieddialekgebied. In lichteligte kleur dedie gebiedengebiede in Nederland waar een'n dialectdialek met dezelfdedieselde kenmerkenkenmerk wordtgepraat gesprokenword. HetDie Hertogenwald in België is dunbevolktdunbevolk zodatsodat daar geen taalgrens te trekkenonderskei is nie]]
[[Beeld:Meuse-Rhenish-nl.png|thumb|350px|'''''- DIE MAAS-RYNSE TAALLANDSKAP -'''''<br /> Die [[Maas-Ryns]]e (Limburgs-Nederrynse) dialectcontinuümdialekkontinuum]]
'''Ripuaries''' (ook Ripuaries-Frankies genoem, nativelyof ''Ripoarėsch'' in die volksmond) is a'n [[GermanGermaanse dialectdialek]]groep, groupdeel van die [[Wes-Sentraal-Germaans]]e taalgroep. Tesame met die [[Moselle-Frankiese]] en [[Luxemburgs|Luxemburgse taal]], partbehoort ofRipuaries aan die thegroter [[WestSentraal-Frankies]]e Centraldialekfamilie Germanen ook aan die [[Rynlandse]] languagelinguistiese group[[dialekkontinuum|kontinuum]] met die [[Lae-Frankiese tale]].
Together with the [[Moselle Franconian]] and [[Luxembourgish language]], Ripuarian belongs to the larger [[Central Franconian]] dialect family and also to the [[Rhinelandic]] linguistic [[dialect continuum|continuum]] with the [[Low Franconian languages]].
 
ItDit isword spokengepraat in thedie [[RhinelandRynland]] southsuid ofvan thedie [[Benrath lineBenrathlyn]], fromvan northwestnoordwes ofvan [[Düsseldorf]] anden [[CologneKeulen]] totot by [[AachenAken]] in thedie westweste, anden [[Waldbröl]] in thedie eastooste. TheDie languagetaalgebied areaomvat alsoook comprisesdie thenoorde northvan of thedie [[German-speaking CommunityDuitssprekende ofBelgiese Belgiumgemeenskap]] asbenewens welldie assuidelike therand southernvan edge of thedie [[Limburg (NetherlandsNederland)|Limburg]]provinsie province of thevan [[NetherlandsNederland]], especiallyveral [[Kerkrade]] (''Kirchroa''). TheDie namenaam derivesis afgelei fromvan thedie [[RipuarianRipuariese FranksFranke]] (''Rheinfranken''), whowat settledhulself invanaf thedie area4de fromeeu thein 4thdie area centurygevestig onwardshet.
 
TheDie mostmees famousberoemde memberdaarvan is ''[[KölschKölsche dialectdialek|Kölsch]]'', thedie localplaaslike dialectdialek ofvan CologneKeulen. DialectsDialekte wat aan die belongingRipuariese togroep thebehoort Ripuarianverwys groupbyna almostaltyd alwaysna callhulself themselvesas ''Platt'', likebyvoorbeeld ''[[Öcher Platt]]'' (ofvan [[AachenAken]]) orof ''Eischwiele Platt'' (ofvan [[Eschweiler]]), ''[[Bocheser Platt]]'' (ofvan [[Bocholtz]]) orof ''[[Bönnsch|Bönnsch Platt]]'' (ofvan [[Bonn]]). MostMeeste ofvan thedie moremeer thanas onehonderd hundredRipuariese Ripuariandialekte dialectsis areverbonde boundaan to'n onespesifieke specificnedersetting villageof or municipalitymunisipaliteit. UsuallyGewoonlik is theredaar areklein smallmaar distinctiveopvallende differencesverskille betweentussen neighboringaanliggende dialectsdialekte (whichwat aremaklik howeverdeur easilydie noticeableplaaslikes toopgemerk localsword), anden increasinglytoenemend biggergroter onesverskille betweenby themeer moreafgeleë distant onesdialekte. TheseHierdie areoorgange describedword bybeskryf adeur set'n ofstel [[isoglossisoglos]]esse, wat in calledlinguistiek thedie [[RhenishRynlandse fanwaaier]] ingenoem linguisticsword. TheSprekers wayse people talkspraak, evenselfs ifas theyhulle arenie notRipuaries usingbesig Ripuariannie, oftenstel allowsmens themin tostaat beom tracedhulle preciselyherkoms topresies ana villagete orspeur na 'n nedersetting of citystadsoord quarterwaar wherehulle theydie learnedtaal toaangeleer speakhet.
 
==NumberGetal of speakerssprekers==
Omtrent 'n miljoen mense praat 'n Ripuariese dialek, wat neerkom op ongeveer een kwart van die gebied se inwoners. Penetrasie van Ripuaries in die omgangstaal wissel aansienlik, benewens die persentasie Ripuariessprekendes van plek tot plek. In sekere plekke mag daar slegs 'n paar bejaarde sprekers oor wees, terwyl Ripuaries elders algemeen in die daaglikse lewe gebrui word. Beide in die ware Ripuariese gebied, en wyd daaromheen, is 'n veel groter bevolking in staat om Ripuaries passief tot 'n mate te verstaan, as die bevolking van aktiewe sprekers daarvan.
About a million people speak a Ripuarian dialect, which constitutes about one quarter of the inhabitants of the area. Penetration of Ripuarian in everyday communication varies considerably, as does the percentage of Ripuarian speakers from one place to another. In some places there may be only a few elderly speakers left, while elsewhere Ripuarian usage is common in everyday life. Both in the genuine Ripuarian area and far around it, the number of people passively understanding Ripuarian to some extent exceeds the number of active speakers by far.
 
==InfluencesInvloede==
These Ripuarian varieties are related to the [[Moselle Franconian]] languages spoken in the southern Rhineland ([[Rhineland-Palatinate]] and [[Saarland]]) in Germany, to the [[Luxembourgish language]] in [[Luxembourg]], to the Low Franconian [[Limburgish]] language in the Dutch province of [[Limburg (Netherlands)|Limburg]], and to [[Low Dietsch]] in the province of [[Liège (province)|Liège]], Belgium. Most of the historic roots of Ripuarian languages are in [[Middle High German]], but there were other influences too, such as [[Latin]], [[Low German]], [[Dutch language|Dutch]], [[French language|French]], and [[Southern Meuse-Rhenish]] ([[Limburgish]]). Several elements of grammar are unique to Ripuarian, existing in no other [[German language]]. Belgium and the Netherlands officially recognise some Ripuarian dialects as [[minority language]]s, and the [[European Union]] likewise follows.