Dier: Verskil tussen weergawes

|last15=Kristensen |first15=Reinhardt Møbjerg |last16=Wheeler |first16=Ward C. |last17=Martindale |first17=Mark Q. |last18=Giribet |first18=Gonzalo |displayauthors=1 |bibcode=2008Natur.452..745D |last14=Okusu |first14=Akiko}}</ref> en ander navorsers meen dit is ’n statistieke ongerymdheid.<ref>{{Cite journal|title = Phylogenomics Revives Traditional Views on Deep Animal Relationships|url = http://www.cell.com/current-biology/abstract/S0960-9822(09)00805-7|journal = Current Biology|issn = 0960-9822|pmid = 19345102|pages = 706–712|volume = 19|issue = 8|doi = 10.1016/j.cub.2009.02.052|first = Hervé|last = Philippe|first2 = Romain|last2 = Derelle|first3 = Philippe|last3 = Lopez|first4 = Kerstin|last4 = Pick|first5 = Carole|last5 = Borchiellini|first6 = Nicole|last6 = Boury-Esnault|first7 = Jean|last7 = Vacelet|first8 = Emmanuelle|last8 = Renard|first9 = Evelyn|last9 = Houliston|date=April 2009}}</ref><ref>{{Cite journal|title = Improved Phylogenomic Taxon Sampling Noticeably Affects Nonbilaterian Relationships|url = http://mbe.oxfordjournals.org/content/27/9/1983|journal = Molecular Biology and Evolution|date = September 2010|issn = 0737-4038|pmc = 2922619|pmid = 20378579|pages = 1983–1987|volume = 27|issue = 9|doi = 10.1093/molbev/msq089|first = K. S.|last = Pick|first2 = H.|last2 = Philippe|first3 = F.|last3 = Schreiber|first4 = D.|last4 = Erpenbeck|first5 = D. J.|last5 = Jackson|first6 = P.|last6 = Wrede|first7 = M.|last7 = Wiens|first8 = A.|last8 = Alié|first9 = B.|last9 = Morgenstern}}</ref><ref>{{Cite journal|title = Deep metazoan phylogeny: When different genes tell different stories|url = http://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/pii/S1055790313000298|journal = Molecular Phylogenetics and Evolution|date = 1 April 2013|pages = 223–233|volume = 67|issue = 1|doi = 10.1016/j.ympev.2013.01.010|first = Tetyana|last = Nosenko|first2 = Fabian|last2 = Schreiber|first3 = Maja|last3 = Adamska|first4 = Marcin|last4 = Adamski|first5 = Michael|last5 = Eitel|first6 = Jörg|last6 = Hammel|first7 = Manuel|last7 = Maldonado|first8 = Werner E. G.|last8 = Müller|first9 = Michael|last9 = Nickel |pmid=23353073}}</ref>

 

Filums soos Ctenophora en [[Cnidaria]], wat [[seeanemone]], [[korale]] en [[jellievis]]se insluit, is radiaal (straalsgewys) simmetries en het spysverteringskamers met een opening wat as mond én anus dien.<ref>{{cite book |title=A Living Bay: The Underwater World of Monterey Bay |year=2000 |publisher=University of California Press |isbn=978-0-520-22149-9 |last1=Langstroth |first1=Lovell |last2=Langstroth |first2=Libby |editor-last=Newberry |editor-first=Todd |page=244}}</ref> Albei het verskillende soorte weefsel, maar dit is nie in [[Orgaan|organe]] georganiseer nie.<ref>{{cite book|last=Safra|first=Jacob E.|title=The New Encyclopædia Britannica, Volume 16|year=2003|publisher=Encyclopædia Britannica|isbn=978-0-85229-961-6|page=523}}</ref> Daar is net twee hoofkiemlae, die ektoderm en endoderm, met net verstrooide selle tussenin. Daarom word dié diere soms "diploblasties" genoem.<ref>{{cite book|last=Kotpal|first=R. L.|title=Modern Text Book of Zoology: Invertebrates|publisher=Rastogi Publications|isbn=978-81-7133-903-7|page=184}}</ref>

 

Daar word nou geglo die [[Myxozoa]], mikroskopiese [[parasiet]]e wat aanvanklik as Protozoa beskou is, het binne Cnidaria ontwikkel.<ref>{{Cite journal|title = Genomic insights into the evolutionary origin of Myxozoa within Cnidaria|url = http://www.pnas.org/content/112/48/14912|journal = Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences|date = 1 December 2015|issn = 0027-8424|pmid = 26627241|pages = 14912–14917|volume = 112|issue = 48|doi = 10.1073/pnas.1511468112|first = E. Sally|last = Chang|first2 = Moran|last2 = Neuhof|first3 = Nimrod D.|last3 = Rubinstein|first4 = Arik|last4 = Diamant|first5 = Hervé|last5 = Philippe|first6 = Dorothée|last6 = Huchon|first7 = Paulyn|last7 = Cartwright|pmc=4672818|bibcode = 2015PNAS..11214912C}}</ref>

 

==Getal bestaande spesies==