18 Scorpii
18 Scorpii is 'n ster wat sowat 14,13 ligjare van die Son af lê teen die noordelike kant van die sterrebeeld Skerpioen. Dit het 'n skynbare magnitude van 5,5,[2] wat helder genoeg is om buite stedelike gebiede met die blote oog te sien. Die ster beweeg verder weg van die Son teen 'n radiale snelheid van +11,6.[2]
18 Scorpii
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Die ligging van 18 Scorpii (in die rooi sirkel) | ||||
Sterrebeeld | Skerpioen | |||
Spektraaltipe | G2 Va[1] | |||
Waarnemingsdata (Epog J2000) | ||||
Regte klimming | 16h 15m 37.27028s | |||
Deklinasie | -08° 22′ 09.9821″ | |||
Skynmagnitude (m) | 5,503[2] | |||
Absolute magnitude (M) | 4,77[2] | |||
B-V-kleurindeks | +0,64[3] | |||
U-B-kleurindeks | +0,18[3] | |||
Besonderhede | ||||
Massa (M☉) | 1,03±0,03[4] | |||
Radius (R☉) | 1,010±0,009 | |||
Ligsterkte (L☉) | 1,0438±0,0120 | |||
Ouderdom (jaar) | 2,9 miljard[5] 5,64 of 7,18 miljard | |||
Temperatuur (K) | 5 817±4 | |||
Afstand (ligjaar) | 46,1 | |||
Metaalinhoud [Fe/H] | 0,04±0,024[6] | |||
Ander name | ||||
BD-07°4242, GJ 616, HD 146233, HIP 79672, HR 6060, SAO 141066, GC 21864, CCDM 16156-0822[3] | ||||
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18 Scorpii het sekere fisiese eienskappe in gemeen met die Son, ook 'n G-tipe ster. Cayrel de Strobel (1996) sluit dit in in haar oorsig van sterre soortgelyk aan die Son,[7] en Porto de Mello & da Silva (1997) identifiseer dit as 'n "jonger tweeling" van die Son.[8][9] Sommige wetenskaplikes dink die kans is goed dat die ster planete met lewe kan hê.
Eienskappe
wysig18 Scorpii is 'n hoofreeksster met 'n spektraalklassifikasie van G2 Va,[9] waar die ligsterkte, "V", aandui dit wek energie op deur die kernfusie van waterstof in sy kern. Sousa et al. (2008) het bereken sy metaalinhoud is sowat 1,1 keer dié van die Son, wat beteken die voorkoms van elemente swaarder as waterstof en helium is 10% groter.[10][11]
Die ster se radius, soos gemeet deur Bazot et al. (2011), is 101% dié van die Son. Ander berekenings dui op 102%.[12] Die wisseling van 18 Scorpii se helderheid oor sy hele stersiklus is 0,09%, omtrent dieselfde as die Son s'n gedurende onlangse sonsiklusse.[13] Die geraamde tydperk vir 18 Scorpii se aktiwiteitsiklus is sowat sewe jaar,[14] wat aansienlik korter as die Son s'n van 11 jaar is, en sy algemene chromosferiese aktiwiteitsvlak is merkbaar hoër.[13][15] Nes die Son, het dit 'n warm korona met temperature van sowat 1,5-2 miljoen K en 'n X-straal-ligsterkte van 8±1,5 ergs s-1.[16]
18 Scorpii is 'n jong ster van 2,9 miljard jaar en is nog nie in sy stabiele brandfase nie. Die Son, daarenteen, is 4,7 miljard jaar oud en in sy stabielste fase. Voorheen is geglo 18 Scorpii is 5 miljard jaar oud, maar nuwe berekenings in 2013 het aangedui dit is jonger as 2,9 miljard jaar.[17]
Soeke na planete
wysig18 Scorpii is in September 2003 deur die astrobioloog Margaret Turnbull van die Universiteit van Arizona in Tucson geïdentifiseer as die belowendste kandidaat vir 'n planeet met lewe. Dit is 'n enkelster,[18] en het nie oortollige infrarooi-emissies wat andersins sou dui op die teenwoordigheid van ongekonsolideerde sirkumstellêre materie soos 'n puinskyf nie.[19]
In 'n verslag wat in April 2017 gepubliseer is, is 'n kandidaatplaneet ontdek wat om 18 Scorpii (HD 146233) wentel, met 'n wentelperiode van 2 529 dae,[20] maar studies in 2020 en 2023 het bevind die sein van radiale snelheid word geskep deur 'n stellêre aktiwiteitsiklus.[21][22]:38 In 2023 is bewyse van nog 'n kandidaatplaneet gevind, wat 'n superaarde is met 'n wentelperiode van 19,9 dae.[22]:38
Planeet of skyf (vanaf ster) |
Massa | Halwe lengteas (AE) |
Wentelperiode (dae) |
Eksentrisiteit | Baanhelling (°) |
Radius |
---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
(onbevestig) | ≥6,77±0,86 M⊕ | — | 19,8777±0,0062 | 0,38±0,16 | — | — |
Verwysings
wysig- ↑ Keenan, Philip C.; McNeil, Raymond C. (1989). "The Perkins catalog of revised MK types for the cooler stars". Astrophysical Journal Supplement Series. 71: 245. Bibcode:1989ApJS...71..245K. doi:10.1086/191373.
- ↑ 2,0 2,1 2,2 2,3 Nordström, B.; et al. (2004). "The Geneva-Copenhagen survey of the Solar neighbourhood. Ages, metallicities, and kinematic properties of ˜14 000 F and G dwarfs". Astronomy and Astrophysics. 418 (3): 989–1019. arXiv:astro-ph/0405198. Bibcode:2004A&A...418..989N. doi:10.1051/0004-6361:20035959. S2CID 11027621.
- ↑ 3,0 3,1 3,2 "18 Sco -- Variable Star", SIMBAD (Centre de Données astronomiques de Strasbourg), http://simbad.u-strasbg.fr/simbad/sim-id?Ident=18+Sco, besoek op 2011-10-13 The ubv information is per Compilation of Eggen's UBV data, transformed to UBV (unpublished) 1986. See the Measurements section.
- ↑ Bazot, M.; Creevey, O.; Christensen-Dalsgaard, J.; Meléndez, J. (November 2018). "Modelling the solar twin 18 Scorpii". Astronomy & Astrophysics. 619: 15. arXiv:1810.01387. Bibcode:2018A&A...619A.172B. doi:10.1051/0004-6361/201834058. S2CID 119413533. A172.
- ↑ "Identification of oldest solar twin may help locate rocky exoplanets". NASA. 28 Augustus 2013. Besoek op 10 November 2020.
- ↑ Meléndez, Jorge; Ramírez, Iván (2007). "HIP 56948: A Solar Twin with a Low Lithium Abundance". The Astrophysical Journal. 669 (2): L89–L92. arXiv:0709.4290. Bibcode:2007ApJ...669L..89M. doi:10.1086/523942.
- ↑ Cayrel de Strobel, G. (1996). "Stars Resembling the Sun". The Astronomy and Astrophysics Review. 7 (3): 243–288. Bibcode:1996A&ARv...7..243C. doi:10.1007/s001590050006. S2CID 189937884.
- ↑ "The life cycle of a Sun-like star (annotated)]". ESO. 28 Augustus 2013. Besoek op 10 November 2020.
- ↑ 9,0 9,1 Porto de Mello, G. F.; da Silva, L. (1997). "HR 6060: The Closest Ever Solar Twin?". The Astrophysical Journal. 482 (2): L89–L92. Bibcode:1997ApJ...482L..89P. doi:10.1086/310693.
- ↑ Sousa, S. G.; et al. (Augustus 2008). "Spectroscopic parameters for 451 stars in the HARPS GTO planet search program. Stellar [Fe/H] and the frequency of exo-Neptunes". Astronomy and Astrophysics. 487 (1): 373–381. arXiv:0805.4826. Bibcode:2008A&A...487..373S. doi:10.1051/0004-6361:200809698. S2CID 18173201.
- ↑ A metallicity of [Fe/H] = 0.04 dex indicates that the star has 100.04 = 1.096, or 110% of the abundance of elements heavier than helium, compared to the Sun.
- ↑ Bazot, M.; et al. (Februarie 2011). "The radius and mass of the close solar twin 18 Scorpii derived from asteroseismology and interferometry". Astronomy and Astrophysics. 526 (526): L4. arXiv:1209.0217. Bibcode:2011A&A...526L...4B. doi:10.1051/0004-6361/201015679. S2CID 13523885.
- ↑ 13,0 13,1 Hall, J. C.; Lockwood, G. W. (2007). "The Sun-Like Activity of the Solar Twin 18 Scorpii". The Astronomical Journal. 133 (5): 2206–2208. arXiv:astro-ph/0703450. Bibcode:2007AJ....133.2206H. doi:10.1086/513195. S2CID 8790446.
- ↑ Hall, Jeffrey C.; et al. (Julie 2009). "The Activity and Variability of the Sun and Sun-Like Stars. II. Contemporaneous Photometry and Spectroscopy of Bright Solar Analogs". The Astronomical Journal. 138 (1): 312–322. Bibcode:2009AJ....138..312H. CiteSeerX 10.1.1.216.9004. doi:10.1088/0004-6256/138/1/312. S2CID 12332945.
- ↑ Hall, Jeffrey C.; Lockwood, G. W. (2000). "Evidence of a Pronounced Activity Cycle in the Solar Twin 18 Scorpii". The Astrophysical Journal. 545 (2): L43–L45. Bibcode:2000ApJ...545L..43H. doi:10.1086/317331.
- ↑ Coughlin, Jared; et al. (Januarie 2010). "The Night Time Sun: X-Ray Observations of the Solar Twin 18 Scorpii". Bulletin of the American Astronomical Society. 42: 333. Bibcode:2010AAS...21542417C.
- ↑ NASA NEWS, Identification of oldest solar twin may help locate rocky exoplanets, 29 Augustus 2013
- ↑ Marcy, Geoffrey W.; et al. (2005). "Five New Extrasolar Planets". The Astrophysical Journal. 619 (1): 570–584. Bibcode:2005ApJ...619..570M. CiteSeerX 10.1.1.516.6667. doi:10.1086/426384. S2CID 5803173.
- ↑ Lawler, S. M.; et al. (2009). "Explorations Beyond the Snow Line: Spitzer/IRS Spectra of Debris Disks Around Solar-type Stars". The Astrophysical Journal. 705 (1): 89–111. arXiv:0909.0058. Bibcode:2009ApJ...705...89L. doi:10.1088/0004-637X/705/1/89. S2CID 1272803.
- ↑ Butler, R. Paul; et al. (13 April 2017). "The LCES HIRES/Keck Precision Radial Velocity Exoplanet Survey". The Astronomical Journal. 153 (5): 208. arXiv:1702.03571. Bibcode:2017AJ....153..208B. doi:10.3847/1538-3881/aa66ca. hdl:2299/18220. S2CID 14954371. Planet candidate is in Table 2; full table available here.
- ↑ Hirsch, Lea A. et al. (2021), "Understanding the Impacts of Stellar Companions on Planet Formation and Evolution: A Survey of Stellar and Planetary Companions within 25 pc", The Astronomical Journal 161 (3): 134, doi:10.3847/1538-3881/abd639, Bibcode: 2021AJ....161..134H.
- ↑ 22,0 22,1 22,2 Laliotis, Katherine; Burt, Jennifer A.; et al. (Februarie 2023). "Doppler Constraints on Planetary Companions to Nearby Sun-like Stars: An Archival Radial Velocity Survey of Southern Targets for Proposed NASA Direct Imaging Missions". The Astronomical Journal. 165 (4): 176. arXiv:2302.10310. Bibcode:2023AJ....165..176L. doi:10.3847/1538-3881/acc067.
Skakels
wysig- Hierdie artikel is in sy geheel of gedeeltelik uit die Engelse Wikipedia vertaal.