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Membership in the European Union not only requires repeal of anti-homosexuality legislation, the Treaty of Amsterdam also requires anti-discrimination legislation to be enacted by its member states.[1]
Northern Europe
wysig| LGBT rights in: | Homosexual acts legal? | Recognition of same-sex relationships | Same-sex marriage | Same-sex adoption | Allows gays to serve openly in military? | Anti-discrimination (sexual orientation) | Laws concerning gender identity/expression | Immigration equality for same-sex couples |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Sjabloon:Landdata Åland Islands Åland Islands (self-governing part of Finland) |  Legal since 1971
|
Legal since 2002
|
|
|
Demilitarised | Bans all anti-gay discrimination
|
Unknown | |
| Sjabloon:Landdata Denmark Denmark | Legal since 1933 + UN decl. sign. |
Legal since 1989
|
|
Only in registered partnerships
|
|
Bans all anti-gay discrimination
|
| |
| Sjabloon:Landdata Estonia Estonia | Legal since 1992 + UN decl. sign. |
(but registered partnerships are proposed)
|
|
Unregulated, it is possible for any single individual to adopt if they can prove to be suitable to bring up a child.
|
|
Bans some anti-gay discrimination
|
| |
| Sjabloon:Landdata Faroe Islands Faroe Islands (self-governing part of Denmark) | Legal since 1933
|
(but registered partnerships are proposed)
|
|
|
(Denmark responsible for defence)
|
Bans all anti-gay discrimination
|
Unknown | |
 Finland
|
Legal since 1971 + UN decl. sign. |
Legal since 2002
|
|
Only in registered partnerships and only with partner's children since 2009
|
|
Bans all anti-gay discrimination
|
| |
| Sjabloon:Landdata Greenland Greenland (member country of the Kingdom of Denmark) | Legal since 1933 +UN decl. sign via Denmark. |
Civil unions since 1996
|
|
Only in registered partnerships and only with partner's children
|
(Denmark responsible for defence)
|
Bans all anti-gay discrimination
|
Unknown | |
| Sjabloon:Landdata Iceland Iceland | Legal since 1940 + UN decl. sign. |
Legal since 1996
|
|
Only in registered partnerships
|
Has no army | Bans all anti-gay discrimination
|
| |
| Sjabloon:Landdata Ireland Ireland, Republic of | Legal since 1993 + UN decl. sign. |
(Civil Partnership Bill expected to be passed in Autumn 2009)
|
|
Single gay persons may adopt |
|
Bans all anti-gay discrimination
|
Unknown | |
| Sjabloon:Landdata Isle of Man Isle of Man | Legal since 1994
|
Legal since 2005
|
|
|
|
Bans most anti-gay discrimination
|
Unknown | |
| Sjabloon:Landdata Latvia Latvia | Legal since 1992 + UN decl. sign. |
|
Constitutional ban since 2006
|
Only married couples can adopt
|
|
Bans some anti-gay discrimination
|
| |
| Sjabloon:Landdata Lithuania Lithuania | Legal since 1993 + UN decl. sign. |
|
Constitutional ban since 1992
|
Only married couples can adopt
|
|
Bans all anti-gay discrimination
|
| |
| Sjabloon:Landdata Norway Norway | Legal since 1972 + UN decl. sign. |
Legal since 1993
|
Legal since 2009
|
|
|
Bans all anti-gay discrimination
|
| |
| Sjabloon:Landdata Sweden Sweden | Legal since 1944 + UN decl. sign. |
Legal since 1995
|
Legal since 2009
|
|
|
Bans all anti-gay discrimination, including hate speech against homosexuals
|
| |
| Sjabloon:Landdata United Kingdom United Kingdom | Legal since 1967 in England and Wales, 1980 in Scotland and 1982 in Northern Ireland + UN decl. sign. |
Civil partnerships since 2005
|
|
|
|
Bans all anti-gay discrimination
|
Gender Recognition Act 2004
|
|
Western Europe
wysig| LGBT rights in: | Homosexual acts legal? | Recognition of same-sex relationships | Same-sex marriage | Same-sex adoption | Allows gays to serve openly in military? | Anti-discrimination (sexual orientation) | Laws concerning gender identity/expression | Immigration equality for same-sex couples |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Sjabloon:Landdata Belgium Belgium | Legal since 1843 + UN decl. sign. |
Legal since 2000
|
Legal since 2003
|
|
|
Bans all anti-gay discrimination
|
| |
| Sjabloon:Landdata France France | Legal since 1791 + UN decl. sign. |
Pacte civil de solidarité since 1999 |
Under review. Recognizes same-sex marriage abroad.
|
Single gay persons may adopt
|
|
Bans all anti-gay discrimination
|
| |
 Guernsey (incl.  Alderney,  Herm and  Sark)
|
legal since 1983 (Age of consent discrepancy)
|
|
|
|
UK responsible for defence |
|
Unknown | |
 Jersey
|
legal since 1990
|
(Civil Partnerships are proposed)
|
|
|
UK responsible for defence | Bans all anti-gay discrimination
|
Unknown | |
| Sjabloon:Landdata Luxembourg Luxembourg | Legal since 1795 + UN decl. sign. |
Legal since 2004
|
(but it is proposed)
|
(but it is proposed)
|
|
Bans all anti-gay discrimination
|
Unknown | |
 Monaco
|
Legal since 1793
|
|
|
Unknown | France responsible for defence | Unknown | Unknown | |
| Sjabloon:Landdata Netherlands Netherlands | Legal since 1811 + UN decl. sign. |
Legal since 1998
|
Legal since 2001. First country to legalize same-sex marriage.
|
|
|
Bans all anti-gay discrimination
|
|
Central Europe
wysig| LGBT rights in: | Homosexual acts legal? | Recognition of same-sex relationships | Same-sex marriage | Same-sex adoption | Allows gays to serve openly in military? | Anti-discrimination (sexual orientation) | Laws concerning gender identity/expression | Immigration equality for same-sex couples |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Sjabloon:Landdata Austria Austria | Legal since 1971 + UN decl. sign. |
Unregistered cohabitation since 2003, Registered partnership could be become legal on 1 January 2010. [2]
|
|
|
|
Bans some anti-gay discrimination
|
| |
| Sjabloon:Landdata Croatia Croatia | Legal since 1977 + UN decl. sign. |
Unregistered co-habitation since 2003; Registered partnership refused in 2005
|
|
Single person may adopt
|
|
Bans all anti-gay discrimination
|
Act on the elimination of discrimination
|
|
| Sjabloon:Landdata Czech Republic Czech Republic | Legal since 1962 + UN decl. sign. |
Registered partnership since 2006.
|
|
|
|
Bans all anti-gay discrimination
|
| |
| Sjabloon:Landdata Germany Germany | Legal since 1968 in East Germany and 1969 in West Germany + UN decl. sign. |
Registered partnership since 2001
|
(but it is proposed)
|
Single gay persons may adopt or a partner can adopt the other partner's child (full joint adoption is proposed)[3]
|
|
Bans all anti-gay discrimination
|
| |
| Sjabloon:Landdata Hungary Hungary | Legal since 1962 + UN decl. sign. |
Unregistered cohabitation since 1996 and Registered partnership since 2009
|
|
|
|
Bans all anti-gay discrimination
|
| |
 Liechtenstein
|
Legal since 1989 + UN decl. sign. |
|
|
|
Has no army |
|
Unknown | |
| Sjabloon:Landdata Poland Poland | Legal since 1932 + UN decl. sign. |
|
Constitutional ban since 1997
|
(single gay-person may adopt)
|
|
Bans some anti-gay discrimination
|
| |
| Sjabloon:Landdata Slovakia Slovakia | Legal since 1962 + UN decl. sign. |
|
|
|
|
Bans all anti-gay discrimination
|
| |
| Sjabloon:Landdata Slovenia Slovenia | Legal since 1977 + UN decl. sign. |
Registered partnership since 2006
|
Under consideration
|
Under consideration
|
|
Bans all anti-gay discrimination
|
Sex change can be recorded in a central register, and new documents can be issued based on person's new gender identity.[4]
|
Unknown |
| Sjabloon:Landdata Switzerland Switzerland | Legal since 1942 + UN decl. sign. |
Legal since 2007
|
|
Single gay persons may adopt. Non-biological partner must provide educational and financial tutorship for his/her partner's child
|
|
Bans all anti-gay discrimination
|
|
Eastern Europe
wysig| LGBT rights in: | Homosexual acts legal? | Recognition of same-sex relationships | Same-sex marriage | Same-sex adoption | Allows gays to serve openly in military? | Anti-discrimination (sexual orientation) | Laws concerning gender identity/expression | Immigration equality for same-sex couples |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Sjabloon:Landdata Albania Albania | Legal since 1995 + UN decl. sign. |
|
(but proposed) [1]
|
|
|
|
| |
| Sjabloon:Landdata Armenia Armenia (terminology "European" varies on border defintions) | Legal since 2002 + UN decl. sign. |
|
|
|
Unknown |
|
| |
| Sjabloon:Landdata Azerbaijan Azerbaijan (terminology "European" varies on border defintions) | Legal since 2000
|
|
|
|
Banned from military service
|
|
| |
 Belarus
|
Legal since 1994
|
|
|
|
Banned from military service
|
|
| |
| Sjabloon:Landdata Bosnia and Herzegovina Bosnia and Herzegovina | Legal since 1996 in the Federation of Bosnia and Herzegovina, 1998 in Republika Srpska + UN decl. sign. |
|
|
|
|
Bans most anti-gay discrimination
|
| |
| Sjabloon:Landdata Bulgaria Bulgaria | Legal since 1968 + UN decl. sign. |
|
Constitutional ban
|
|
|
Bans all anti-gay discrimination
|
| |
| Sjabloon:Landdata Georgia Georgia (terminology "European" varies on border defintions) | Legal since 2000 + UN decl. sign. |
|
|
|
Unknown | Bans some anti-gay discrimination
|
| |
| Sjabloon:Landdata Macedonia Macedonia | Legal since 1996 + UN decl. sign. |
|
|
|
|
Bans some anti-gay discrimination
|
| |
| Sjabloon:Landdata Moldova Moldova | Legal since 1995
|
|
Constitutional ban
|
|
|
|
| |
 Montenegro
|
Legal since 1977 + UN decl. sign. |
|
Constitutional ban
|
|
|
Bans all anti-gay discrimination
|
| |
| Sjabloon:Landdata Romania Romania | Legal since 1996 + UN decl. sign. |
|
|
|
|
Bans all anti-gay discrimination
|
| |
| Sjabloon:Landdata Russia Russia (incl. all constituent regions) | Legal since 1993
(was legal in the RSFSR/Soviet Union from 1917-1930) |
|
|
|
|
|
| |
| Sjabloon:Landdata Serbia Serbia | Legal since 1994 (1981 in Vojvodina) + UN decl. sign. |
|
Constitutional ban
|
|
|
Bans all anti-gay discrimination
|
| |
| Sjabloon:Landdata Turkey Turkey | Legal since 1858 (decriminalized by the Ottoman Empire)
|
|
|
No particular legal ban.
|
Can apply for exemption from draft
|
Added to constitution in 2004, but withdrawn afterwards by the government
|
| |
| Sjabloon:Landdata Ukraine Ukraine | Legal since 1992
|
|
Constitutional ban
|
|
|
|
|
Southern Europe
wysig| LGBT rights in: | Homosexual acts legal? | Recognition of same-sex relationships | Same-sex marriage | Same-sex adoption | Allows gays to serve openly in military? | Anti-discrimination (sexual orientation) | Laws concerning gender identity/expression | Immigration equality for same-sex couples |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
 Andorra
|
Legal since 1763 + UN decl. sign. |
Legal since 2005
|
|
Unknown | Has no army | Bans some anti-gay discrimination
|
| |
| Sjabloon:Landdata Cyprus Cyprus | Legal since 1998 + UN decl. sign. |
|
|
|
|
Bans some anti-gay discrimination
|
| |
 Gibraltar (overseas territory of the U.K.)
|
Legal since 1993 (Age of consent discrepancy)
|
|
|
|
|
Bans some anti-gay discrimination
|
UK law applies
| |
| Sjabloon:Landdata Greece Greece | Legal since 1951 (Age of consent discrepancy) + UN decl. sign. |
|
|
|
Banned from military service
|
Bans some anti-gay discrimination
|
| |
| Sjabloon:Landdata Italy Italy | Legal since 1890 + UN decl. sign. |
|
|
Only married couples can adopt
|
|
Bans some anti-gay discrimination
|
| |
 Malta
|
Legal since 1973 + UN decl. sign. |
|
|
|
|
Bans some anti-gay discrimination
|
| |
 Portugal
|
Legal since 1983 + UN decl. sign. |
Legal since 2001
|
(but is it proposed)
|
(but is it proposed)
|
|
Bans all anti-gay discrimination
|
| |
 San Marino
|
Legal since 1864, recriminalised in 1974 and again legalised in 2001 + UN decl. sign. |
|
|
|
Unknown |
|
| |
| Sjabloon:Landdata Spain Spain | Legal since 1979 + UN decl. sign. |
Legal since 1998 (12 of 14 communities legalised Civil unions)
|
Legal since 2005
|
|
|
Bans all anti-gay discrimination
|
La Ley de Identidad de Género (Gender Identity Law), enacted in 2007.
|
|
Disputed territories
wysig| LGBT rights in: | Homosexual acts legal? | Recognition of same-sex relationships | Same-sex marriage | Same-sex adoption | Allows gays to serve openly in military? | Anti-discrimination (sexual orientation) | Laws concerning gender identity/expression | Immigration equality for same-sex couples |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
 Kosovo (only partially recognised, claimed by Serbia)
|
Legal since 1994 (as part of Serbia), 2008 (as partially recognised sovereign territory)
|
|
|
Unknown | Unknown | Bans some anti-gay discrimination
|
| |
| Sjabloon:Landdata Northern Cyprus Turkish Republic Northern Cyprus (only recognised by Republic of Turkey) | Legal since 2009
|
|
|
Unknown | Unknown |
|
|
References
wysig- ↑ http://eur-lex.europa.eu/en/treaties/dat/12002M/pdf/12002M_EN.pdf
- ↑ "Registered partnership on 1. January 2010". 18 Februarie 2009. Besoek op 18 Februarie 2009.
- ↑ http://www.thelocal.de/society/20090723-20779.html
- ↑ http://www.dz-rs.si/index.php?id=101&sm=c&q=mati%C4%8Dna+knjiga&mandate=-1&o=30&unid=UPB%7CCC22EE26543CE98BC1257150002632BE&showdoc=1