Isotope van berkelium
Die chemiese element berkelium (Bk), met ’n atoommassa van ongeveer 247 u, het geen stabiele isotope nie en word dus as ’n radioaktiewe element geklassifiseer. Die 19 isotope is onstabiel en het ’n relatief kort halfleeftyd (die meeste minder as ’n uur).
In die natuur kom geen berkelium voor nie; alle isotope is sinteties in ’n laboratorium berei. Die eerste sintetiese isotoop was 243Bk, in 1949.
Die kortslewende isotoop van berkelium is 234Bk, met ’n halfleeftyd van ongeveer 20 sekondes. Die langslewende een is 247Bk, met ’n halfleeftyd van 1 380 jaar.
Oorsig
wysigNuklied | Z (p) | N (n) | Isotopiese massa (u) | Halfleeftyd | Radioaktiewe verval | VP | Kernspin |
---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
Opwekkingsenergie | |||||||
235Bk | 97 | 138 | 235,05658(43) | 20 s | α | 231Am | |
β+ | 235Cm | ||||||
236Bk | 97 | 139 | 236,05733(43) | 1 min. | α | 232Am | |
β+ | 236Cm | ||||||
237Bk | 97 | 140 | 237,05700(24) | 1 min. | α | 233Am | 7/2+ |
β+ (selde) | 237Cm | ||||||
238Bk | 97 | 141 | 238,05828(31) | 2,40(8) min. | α | 234Am | |
β+, SS (0,048%) | |||||||
β+ (selde) | 238Cm | ||||||
239Bk | 97 | 142 | 239,05828(25) | 3 min. | α | 235Am | 7/2+ |
β+ | 239Cm | ||||||
240Bk | 97 | 143 | 240,05976(16) | 4,8(8) min. | β+ (90%) | 240Cm | |
α (10%) | 236Am | ||||||
β+, SS (0,002%) | |||||||
241Bk | 97 | 144 | 241,06023(22) | 4,6(4) min. | α | 237Am | (7/2+) |
β+ (selde) | 241Cm | ||||||
242Bk | 97 | 145 | 242,06198(22) | 7,0(13) min. | β+ (99,99%) | 242Cm | 2- |
β+, SS (3 × 10−4%) | |||||||
242mBk | 200(200) keV | 600(100) ns | |||||
243Bk | 97 | 146 | 243,063008(5) | 4,5(2) uur | β+ (99,85%) | 243Cm | (3/2-) |
α (0,15%) | 239Am | ||||||
244Bk | 97 | 147 | 244,065181(16) | 4,35(15) uur | β+ (99,99%) | 244Cm | (4-) |
α (0,006%) | 240Am | ||||||
245Bk | 97 | 148 | 245,0663616(25) | 4,94(3) dae | EV (99,88%) | 245Cm | 3/2- |
α (0,12%) | 241Am | ||||||
246Bk | 97 | 149 | 246,06867(6) | 1,80(2) dae | β+ (99,8%) | 246Cm | 2- |
α (0,2%) | 242Am | ||||||
247Bk | 97 | 150 | 247,070307(6) | 1380 jaar | α | 243Am | (3/2-) |
SS (selde) | |||||||
248Bk | 97 | 151 | 248,07309(8) | > 9 jaar | α | 244Am | 6+ |
248mBk | 30(70) keV | 23,7(2) uur | 1- | ||||
249Bk | 97 | 152 | 249,0749867(28) | 330(4) dae | β− | 249Cf | 7/2+ |
α (0,00145%) | 245Am | ||||||
SS (4,7 × 10−8%) | |||||||
249mBk | 8,80(10) keV | 300 µs | (3/2-) | ||||
250Bk | 97 | 153 | 250,078317(4) | 3,212(5) uur | β− | 250Cf | 2- |
250m1Bk | 35,59(5) keV | 29(1) µs | (4+) | ||||
250m2Bk | 84,1(21) keV | 213(8) µs | (7+) | ||||
251Bk | 97 | 154 | 251,080760(12) | 55,6(11) min. | β− | 251Cf | (3/2-) |
α (10−5%) | 247Am | ||||||
251mBk | 35,5(13) keV | 58(4) µs | (7/2+) | ||||
252Bk | 97 | 155 | 252,08431(22) | 1,8(5) min. | β− | 252Cf | |
α | 248Am | ||||||
253Bk | 97 | 156 | 253,08688(39) | 10 min. | β− | 253Cf | |
254Bk | 97 | 157 | 254,09060(32) | 1 min. | β− | 254Cf |
Isotope per element
wysig1H | 2He | 3Li | 4Be | 5B | 6C | 7N | 8O | 9F | 10Ne | 11Na | 12Mg | 13Al | 14Si | 15P | 16S | 17Cl | 18Ar | 19K | |
20Ca | 21Sc | 22Ti | 23V | 24Cr | 25Mn | 26Fe | 27Co | 28Ni | 29Cu | 30Zn | 31Ga | 32Ge | 33As | 34Se | 35Br | 36Kr | 37Rb | 38Sr | 39Y |
40Zr | 41Nb | 42Mo | 43Tc | 44Ru | 45Rh | 46Pd | 47Ag | 48Cd | 49In | 50Sn | 51Sb | 52Te | 53I | 54Xe | 55Cs | 56Ba | 57La | 58Ce | 59Pr |
60Nd | 61Pm | 62Sm | 63Eu | 64Gd | 65Tb | 66Dy | 67Ho | 68Er | 69Tm | 70Yb | 71Lu | 72Hf | 73Ta | 74W | 75Re | 76Os | 77Ir | 78Pt | 79Au |
80Hg | 81Tl | 82Pb | 83Bi | 84Po | 85At | 86Rn | 87Fr | 88Ra | 89Ac | 90Th | 91Pa | 92U | 93Np | 94Pu | 95Am | 96Cm | 97Bk | 98Cf | 99Es |
100Fm | 101Md | 102No | 103Lr | 104Rf | 105Db | 106Sg | 107Bh | 108Hs | 109Mt | 110Ds | 111Rg | 112Cn | 113Nh | 114Fl | 115Mc | 116Lv | 117Ts | 118Og |
Bronne
wysig- R.B. Firestone, S.Y. Frank Chu & C.M. Baglin (1999) - Table of Isotopes (aanlyn weergawe van die CD-ROM)
- G. Audi, A.H. Wapstra, C. Thibault, J. Blachot & O. Bersillon (2003) - The NUBASE evaluation of nuclear and decay properties, Nuclear Physics A, 729, pp. 3-128
- J.R. de Laeter, J.K. Böhlke, P. De Bièvre, H. Hidaka, H.S. Peiser, K.J.R. Rosman & P.D.P. Taylor (2003) - Atomic weights of the elements. Review 2000 (IUPAC Technical Report), Pure and Applied Chemistry, 75 (6), pp. 683–800
- M.E. Wieser (2006) - Atomic weights of the elements 2005 (IUPAC Technical Report), Pure and Applied Chemistry, 78 (11), pp. 2051–2066
- David R. Lide (2004) - CRC Handbook of Chemistry and Physics (85ste uitg.), hoofstuk 11, CRC Press - ISBN 978-0849304859
- Hierdie artikel is vertaal uit die Nederlandse Wikipedia